Table 2. Chemical and Physical Properties of Different Commercial Lignin
Type | Sulfur content (wt.%) | Sugar content (wt.%) | MW (g/mol) | Ash content (wt.%) | Moisture content (wt.%) | PDI | Purity | Elemental analysis | Tg (°C) |
N (wt.%) | H (wt.%) | C (wt.%) |
Kraft lignin | 1.0-3.0 | 1.0-0.23 | < 25,000 | 0.5-3.0 | 3.6-6.0 | 2.5-4.0 | High | 0.9 | 5.8 | 62.8 | 108-165 |
Lignosulfonate | 3.5-8.0 | - | < 15,000 | 4.5-8.0 | 5.8 | 4.2-9.0 | Low | 0.2 | 3.7 | 47.9 | 127-154 |
Soda lignin | 0 | 1.5-3.0 | < 15,000 | 0.7-2.3 | 2.5-5.0 | 2.5-3.5 | Medium-high | 0.9 | 5.9 | 61.9 | 150-155 |
Organosolv lignin | 0 | 1.0-3.0 | < 5,000 | ~1.7 | 7.5 | 1.5-2.4 | Very high | 0.3 | 5.9 | 61.1 | 89-97 |