Table 1. Surface Energy Values and LC Alignment Properties of the Polymers

Rubbing depth (mm)	Contact angle (°)^a		Surface energy (mJ/m²)^b			LC aligning ability^c
Rubbing depth (mm)	Water	Diiodo methane	Polar	Dispersion	Total	LC aligning ability^c
0	56.4	49.2	21.04	27.29	48.33	X
0.1	50.2	48.7	25.44	26.79	52.23	X
0.2	48.7	46.3	25.74	27.92	53.65	X
0.3	47.0	44.9	26.56	28.42	54.98	X
0.4	44.7	43.9	27.94	28.68	56.62	X
0.5	42.3	43.6	29.56	28.54	58.10	O

Measured from static contact angles.
Calculated from Owens-Wendt’s equation.
Marks of circle (O) and cross (X) indicate polymer film have uniform vertical and partial vertical, planar LC aligning ability, respectively.