| Design | Customer collaborates directly with the manufacturer to co-create product specifications. |
| Production | Products are manufactured to match exact customer specifications with limited flexibility. |
| Assembly | Customers influence the combination of standardized modules to create a tailored product. |
| Additional Custom Work and Service | Post-manufacture modifications or value-added services are applied to enhance customization. |
| Packaging and Distribution | Customization is limited to packaging or delivery preferences (e.g., personalized wrapping, scheduling). |
| Applicability | Products are inherently adaptable, allowing users to modify functionality post-purchase without production changes. |